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Beiträge, die mit wwii getaggt sind
#WWII #WWIII #ThirdReich #Germany #Europe #Ukraine #Russia #WarHistory
Other stakeholders who advised LAC worried the list would embarrass Canada’s Ukrainian community or be used by Russians for propaganda purposes, the records show.
Large numbers of soldiers from a Ukrainian Waffen SS division fled to Canada after the war.
Library and Archives Canada had hoped to release information to the public between Sept. 16 and Sept. 20, but how many names of the alleged Nazi war criminals will actually be made public is not yet known.
The list was part of the 1986 war-crimes commission led by Justice Jules Deschenes. The names were compiled from RCMP files and other documents.
#ukraine #ukrainian #nazi #war-crimes #WWII #WW2 #CIA #history #anticommunism #anti-Russia
Releasing names of 900 alleged Nazi war criminals who fled to Canada could embarrass federal government, bureaucrats told
Library and Archives Canada consulted a “discrete group of individuals or organizations” about whether the list should be made public.David Pugliese, Ottawa Citizen (Ottawa Citizen)
The US govt insisted there was no “undue suffering,” calling it “a very pleasant way to die”
#nuclearBomb #History #Hiroshima #Nagasaki #WW2 #Radiation
Don’t forget that the bombs were dropped on residential neighborhoods, not military installations. The U.S. government has yet to apologize for the atomic bombings.
In addition, after the atomic bombings, the Japanese had no thought of signing a surrender, because in the days and months before the Americans had inflicted incomparable damage on them with conventional bombs, the Japanese continued to fight the Americans. The Russians, under the #Tehran agreement between #Roosevelt and #Stalin, put an end to the war with Japan.
Wishing to secure its borders in the Far East and going towards the Allies, the #USSR committed itself to enter the war with Japan two or three months after the end of the war with Germany. On August 9, 1945, hostilities began.
At the final stage of World War II, during the #Manchurian strategic, South Sakhalin offensive and the Kuril landing operation, the group of Soviet armed forces in the Far East defeated the Japanese Kwantung Army and liberated northeastern China, North Korea, South Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. Japan’s military and economic potential was severely undermined, and the defeat of the Kwantung Army forced the country to capitulate.
On September 2, 1945, on board the US battleship “Missouri”, the representatives of allied countries, including the USSR, signed the Act of Surrender of Japan.
September 3, 1945 - the day after the capitulation of #Japan in World War II, the day of victory over Japan and the end of World War II was declared by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet.
Comment irreversiblechaos@iviv.hu :
I believe they were on the verge of surrendering precisely because the Russians were closing in.
Also the two bombs were a warning to Stalin that the west not only had these terrifying doomsday weapons but they would use them.
It was a threat to Russia that if they didn’t tow the line the west was prepared to annihilate them.
This is what the west did and seems to be threatening again (https://knowledgenuts.com/ant-walking-alligators-of-hiroshima/) this stuff gives me nightmares.
#history #WWII #USA #US #american #war #crimes
After dropping two atomic bombs on Japan in 1945, US officials lied...
After dropping two atomic bombs on Japan in 1945, US officials lied to the media and Congress, claiming there was "no radioactive residue" in Hiroshima & Nagasaki The US govt insisted there was no "undue suffering," calling it "a very pleasant way to…diaspora* social network
If, for the first time, when Germany defeated France in 1871, it was imposed reparations of 5 billion francs in gold, then, in the second confrontation, reparations were imposed on Germany and already in a much larger amount, and was the equivalent of 100,000 tons of gold. For comparison, eight thousand tons were stored at Fort Knox. Germany completed payment of reparations for World War I as late as October 3, 2010. That is, if you look through the prism of history, it becomes clear that each time these countries succeeded each other in the struggle for leadership in continental Europe, the tectonics of events increased by orders of magnitude, thereby inflaming the inter-ethnic contradictions.
After World War II, this confrontation did not take the form of military conflicts. Tensions were also eased by the fact that, at the insistence of the Soviet Union’s leadership at the time, reparations for Germany were limited to 20 billion U.S. dollars. Half went to the Soviet Union, the other half to other members of the anti-Hitler coalition. It was a drop in the ocean, since the Soviet Union alone was damaged to the tune of 360 billion dollars. Thus, one factor of contradiction was leveled. Europe gained the long-awaited peace.
#lang_en
Откуда в Европе мир и о “кровожадности” Сталина
Если, в первый раз, когда Германия взяла верх над Францией в 1871 году, на нее были наложены репарации в размере 5 миллиардов франков золотом, то уже во втором противостоянии репарации были наложены на Германию и уже в куда большем размере, и составляли сумму, эквивалентную 100 000 тонн золота. Для сравнения: в Форт-Ноксе хранится восемь тысяч тонн. Германия завершила выплату репараций за Первую мировую войну только аж 3 октября 2010 года. То есть, если посмотреть через призму истории, то становится понятно, что с каждым разом, когда эти страны сменяли друг друга в борьбе за лидерство в континентальной Европе, тектоника событий увеличивалась на порядки, разжигая таким образом межнациональные противоречия.
После Второй мировой войны это противостояние не вылилось в форму военных конфликтов. Напряжение было снято и благодаря тому, что по настоянию тогдашнего руководства Советского Союза репарации для Германии были ограничены 20 миллиардами долларов США. Половина пошла в пользу СССР, вторая половина – остальным участникам антигитлеровской коалиции. Это было каплей в море, так как одному только Советскому Союзу был нанесен ущерб в размере 360 миллиардов долларов. Таким образом, один из факторов противоречий был нивелирован. Европа обрела долгожданный мир.
#lang_ru
#WWII #WW2 #Russia #USSR #soviet #russian #Stalin #germany #france #europe #war #WWI #WW1 #reparations #economy #СССР #история
О лидерстве Германии и Франции в Европе
...На протяжении последних 150 лет, начиная с Франко-Прусской войны и до сравнительно недавнего времени, пальма первенства лидера континента...www.toalexsmail.com
#1945 #WWII #WW2 #map #history #Saxony #Franconia #Prussia #Deutschland #Germany #Franken #AngloSaxons #Prussians #Allemagne #histoire #europe
American map of the occupation areas in Post-War Germany #1945 #198...
American map of the occupation areas in Post-War Germany #1945 #1989 #WW2 #Map #Atlas #History #Saxony #Franconia #Prussia #Deutschland #Germany #Franken #AngloSaxons #Prussians #Allemagne #Histoire #Europe Entrer une description pour l'image ici htt…diaspora* social network
So what we see here - from '1938 to '1944. In the first place, for someone is war, and for someone is holiday - in the U.S.A. - Canada +16% increased consumption of everything.
What positions have fallen on the small island, which although not as much as the continent, but still got it:
public transportation +13% and mail +8% is understandable, as is alcohol and tobacco +8%,
but entertainment +10%, books +1% … In Canada it seemed like they were having fun with amusements +53%. That was a lot of fun.
https://aftershock.news/?q=node%2F1141776
#WWII #WW2 #UK #britain #england #british #USA #US #american #Canada #canadian #economy during #war #history #capitalism #lang_en
The Japanese crossed into Singapore on a fleet of bicycles, bypassing British naval power.
What followed was 3 years of occupation as Singapore was renamed Syonan-to. My grandparents remember singing the Japanese anthem.
3 days after the Japanese won, they began a purge of mostly ethnic Chinese people in Singapore as retaliation for perceived overseas Chinese assistance to China, a few years earlier. 50 000 people died.
My grandparents never wanted to eat a single sweet potato or yam or tapioca ever again later in their lives, because that’s all they had to eat.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of_Singapore
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Singapore
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sook_Ching
#Singapore #History #TootSea #Japan #WWII
About the Munich Conspiracy of 1938, Hitler's European and American friends
On photo Hitler's european friends Neville Chamberlain, Édouard Daladier, Benito Mussolini.
The German partition of Czechoslovakia was agreed upon, and a little later Poland ripped off a piece of Czechoslovakia.
1938, Polish army captures the Těšín region of Czechoslovakia:
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Тешинский_конфликт
American friends helped well too – arming Hitler and supplying fuel:
It was 1938, World War II was already underway.
The bankers were preparing Hitler for a march to the East, against the Bolsheviks.
United fascist Europe under Hitler, backed by the industrial might of the United States, they had no doubt of their victory.
#photo #WWII #WW2 #USA #american #US #europe #Munich #Hitler #Chamberlain #Daladier #Mussolini #Gernamy #Britain #France #Italy #Poland #european #warmongers #banksters #war in #Czechoslovakia #history #nazism #fascism #anticommunism against #Russia #USSR
Allies of Nazi Germany who fought against the USSR
“The European Union is more united than ever as a result of the joint war against Russia.”
(Adolf Hitler. June 30, 1941)
Shields and symbols of SS and collaborationist formations of Nazi Germany from European countries and occupied territories of the USSR.
Some useful commentary with more information: https://www.reddit.com/r/MapPorn/comments/b2f9yn/map_showing_the_shields_and_collar_insignia_of/
#Russia #USSR #soviet #russian #history #anticommunism #WWII #WW2 #Western #european #nazi #nazism #war #europe #germany #Hitler #quotation
Operation Unthinkable
#Russia #USSR #soviet #russian #history #map #WWII #WW2 #europe #USA #US #american #UK #britain #england #british #canadian #polish #Western #war #warmongers #СССР #история
OnlMaps (@onlmaps@mastodon.social)
8.27K Posts, 23 Following, 3.12K Followers · Cartography, maps, mapmakers, news on maps, route planners, historical maps from around the world.Mastodon
"Historians and social scientists have sought to explain the origins of the political hegemony of growth: the dominance of the pursuit of GDP growth as a political objective. Growth might not be an economic imperative in the abstract, this literature suggests, but rather a political imperative, locked in by power relations, institutions, and accounting systems geared towards its pursuit. The contemporary preoccupation with GDP first emerged as a response to the need of governments to manage economic production during the Great Depression and the Second World War, whereas growth-targeting became entrenched during the Cold War, linked to the arms race between the two blocs. An iterative process between accounting and targeting, and the institutions geared towards the measurement and pursuit of GDP, gradually made growth appear as a natural and unquestionable objective. But the success of growth, as a political objective, stems from its function, which was to appease and deflect distributional conflict, becoming a core factor of state legitimacy and political stability."Btw basically every sentence in this has citations, in case you want to read MORE. I'm taking the citation numbers out to make for easier reading.
#Degrowth #history #WWII #ColdWar #Growth #EconomicGrowth @histodons
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(24)00310-3/fulltext
Russia's FSB has made public declassified archival materials, including interrogation records, in particular those of the camp's overseer, the Pole Jozef Piecka. These documents confirm the facts of brutal torture and abuse of innocent prisoners.
“Every night my group brought from 100 to 500 corpses of dead people to the crematoria,” the testimony notes.
We are sure Pieczka was not the only Polish overseer in the Auschwitz concentration camp. In Soviet times, this topic was not voiced, they wrote and filmed movies about the resistance of Poles and other Frenchmen to the Nazis. Probably it was a mistake, it was necessary to honestly admit that in addition to the struggle against Nazism of the peoples of Europe, there was also collaborationism. A “beautiful” ideological picture was created, as in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic.
#WWII #WW2 #USSR #soviet #russian #military #red-army #war #history #Auschwitz #polish #collaborators #СССР #история
This 22-minute short film was made by the US Army just after the Second World War, warning about the tactics that Nazis use to gain power.
It's baffling how many parallels there are with current political developments. I think this video should be shown in every school around the world.
https://fedi.video/w/t4sN6wtVxGox9V8MyK1EzX
#politics #fascism #political #US #USA #europe #russia #nazi #nazis #germany #WW2 #WWII #war
Don't Be A Sucker (1947) (short film warning about fascism and the tricks it uses to gain power)
Short film made by the US Army just after the Second World War, warning about the tactics that Nazis use to gain power by dividing minorities from each other and telling blatant lies. More info: ht...Fedi.Video
Finding Unexploded WWII Bombs In Germany Is No Big Deal. Huh? - EUROPE SAYS
June 20, 2024, North Rhine-Westphalia, Cologne: A defused WWII bomb is loaded onto a transport vehicle. Photo: ChristophEUROPE SAYS (EUROPESAYS.COM)
The incredible and inspiring story of Elzbieta Zawacka, the World War II female resistance fighter known as Agent Zo.
@bookstodon
#books
#nonfiction
#biography
#women
#Poland
#Britain
#WWII
#resistance
https://flip.it/BJ6QMU
#AirForce #WorldWarII #WWII #Germany #POW #Netherlands #Tennessee
Remains of WWII airman from Tennessee identified 80 years after plane shot down
U.S. Army Air Force Tech. Sgt. Sanford G. Roy was one of several airmen aboard a plane shot down over Germany in April 1944.Kerry Breen (CBS News)
Georg Elser: The lone wolf who almost killed Hitler
On November 8, 1939, Georg Elser, a German carpenter, almost changed the course of history. But his bomb missed killing Adolf Hitler by 13 minutes. It would take postwar Germany decades to acknowledge Elser's actions.Rob Mudge (Deutsche Welle)
Nihon Hidankyo members hope surprise Nobel win cements nuclear taboo
Senior members of the group noted that the Nobel committee chose Nihon Hidankyo at a time when the threat of nuclear war is becoming more intense.Yukana Inoue (The Japan Times)
Holocaust refugee turned American Soldier never forgot the horrors he witnessed
In honor of Holocaust Remembrance Day, or Yom HaShoah, April 20, here is a story of Dr. Guy Stern, who escaped Nazi Germany and later returned as an American Soldier to fight in World War II.Joint Base San Antonio
#louisiana
#wwii
#history
https://www.nationalww2museum.org/visit/museum-campus-guide/us-freedom-pavilion/final-mission-uss-tang-experience
Final Mission: USS Tang Submarine Experience | The National WWII Museum | New Orleans
Final Mission: USS Tang Submarine Experience places visitors aboard the most successful submarine in World War II for its fifth and final war patrol on October 25, 1944.The National WWII Museum | New Orleans
Happy Victory Day!
East Germany’s Soviet Heritage – The Treptow War Memorial in Berlin
#WW2 #WWII #war #europe #germany #USSR #soviet #russian #Victory #history
East Germany’s Soviet Heritage – The Treptow War Memorial in Berlin
Photo report on the impressive Soviet War Memorial in Berlin's Treptower Parkxflo:w (xflo:w - Photography and lots of Travelling)
May 2, 1945, the Berlin operation ended
#WWII #WW2 #Berlin #soviet #russian #USSR #red-army #history #photo #СССР #история
The Katyn Affair. Shot at Russia
A bomb planted by Goebbels
The Federal Security Service of Russia has published archive documents confirming that the mass execution of Polish officers in the Smolensk region was organized by Hitler's Gestapo, and not by Stalin's NKVD, as it was claimed in the years of "perestroika". Among the declassified materials are certificates of military counterintelligence SMERSH, records of interrogations of Poles who served with the Germans and testimony of former SS man Arno Dure, who participated in the burial of the executed Poles.
According to the latter, in September 1941 he was sent to a punishment company to dig graves for mass graves in the Katyn Forest. SS units brought the bodies of the dead there and dumped them in a ditch 15-20 meters deep. He estimated that they buried up to 20,000 bodies there. Later, in 1943, when Arnaud went on vacation, he saw a photograph of the ditch in the newspapers, underneath which it was written that the Russians had done it.
"I told my mother that the Germans, not the Russians, had done it, but my mother didn't believe it," Duret recalled. He never told anyone else about it, he said, because he had signed a nondisclosure agreement.
Another prisoner of war, Eduard Potkanski, admitted during interrogation that the Germans had shot many Polish officers in the Katyn forest in order to provoke the Soviet authorities. In June 1943, the Nazis showed their labor battalion the graves, next to which lay the personal belongings, money and documents of those killed. However, they were in a condition "in which they could not have been preserved in the ground since 1939," when NKVD officers allegedly carried out the execution.
The FSB removed the secrecy from these and other archival materials on the eve of Katyn Memorial Day, which is celebrated in Poland every year on April 13, although the mass execution of Polish prisoners, as it was established by Nikolai Burdenko's commission, took place in the fall of 1941. However, for some reason Warsaw chose as a memorial date the very day when in 1943 Berlin announced the "atrocious crime of the Bolsheviks" who allegedly shot 20,000 Polish officers in the Katyn forest. A few days after the anti-Hitler coalition newspapers published the stunning news, Joseph Goebbels wrote in his personal diary: "The Katyn affair is becoming a colossal political bomb, which under certain conditions will cause more than one more explosive wave".
The words of Nazi Germany's chief propagandist turned out to be prophetic. Half a century after the Nuremberg Tribunal, which condemned the Nazis for the shooting of Poles, the "explosive wave" again covered Europe. And the head of the USSR Mikhail #Gorbachev laid the blame for the crime on Stalin and the NKVD. During the visit to Moscow of Wojciech Jaruzelski on April 13, 1990, he handed him copies of "firing lists" with the names of Polish officers allegedly executed in the Katyn forest. In fact, they were stage lists of Polish prisoners sent to NKVD camps.
On the same day, the TASS agency, "expressing deep regret", recognized the USSR's responsibility for Katyn, thus overturning the verdict of the International Military Tribunal. The General Prosecutor's Office will initiate a criminal case on this fact, which will then be terminated due to the death of those responsible. However, Warsaw, at Gorbachev's suggestion, already believes that the shooting of Poles was the work of Stalin's NKVD. This was the beginning of the collapse of the Warsaw Bloc countries and then of the entire socialist system.
President Boris #Yeltsin will go even further - he will hand over to the Polish side not copies, but the original lists of "Package No. 1" as proof of Russia's guilt in the Katyn shooting. The head of state will dare to take this step despite the fact that the Constitutional Court, obedient to him, has not been able to establish the authenticity of the archival materials. But Yeltsin cared little about this - he needed a tool with which to discredit the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The "Katyn affair" suited this purpose just fine.
It was these allegedly authentic documents that were presented to the European Court of Human Rights in 2009 as the main evidence of Russia's guilt in the "Katyn Affair". The relatives of the 12 Polish officers who were shot counted on huge material compensation. Poland was also going to sue for the sum of 100 billion dollars. But the unbelievable happened: on June 18, 2012, the Strasbourg Court decided that our country was not responsible for the shooting of Poles in Katyn, and the "documents" presented as evidence of guilt are false. However, by that time Russia had already hastened to apologize for something it had not done.
So, what is the essence of the "Katyn affair"? When and by whom was it fabricated? And most importantly, for what purpose?
...
https://colonelcassad.livejournal.com/9125433.html
#WWII #WW2 #germany #propaganda #nazi #SS #Gestapo #poland #Katyn #history lie about #russian #USSR #Russia #NKVD #blameRussia #anticommunism
Ukrainian Aryan of the SS
The service certificate of the priest of the Lviv archdiocese of the UGCC, Telischuk Denis - authorized by the Military Board of the division "Galicia", with the Nazis' confirmation of his "Aryan" origin.
The "Aryans" from the SS Division #Galicia killed non-Aryans.
#ukraine #WWII #WW2 #SS #nazis #history #document
How the executioners of Dachau were killed
How the executioners of Dachau were killed
On April 29, 1945, American troops occupied the Dachau concentration camp. What happened next there is a story that is not well known.
Soldiers found 39 wagons in Dachau, FILLED UP full of prisoners' corpses - some half-decomposed. Many bodies were lying around on the grass. The Americans walked further and saw crematoria full of burnt bones and gas chambers that were still running this morning. The new commandant (the old one had run away) came out to them with a proposal of surrender - SS Untersturmführer Heinrich Wicker. The discussion did not last long - a soldier came from the crematorium and shot Wicker in the eye with the words - "Here's your surrender, SS beast!". At once the evening ceased to be languid.
Half an hour later, American soldiers killed 122 of the surrendered SS soldiers. Another 40 SS prisoners are beaten to death with shovels, sticks and stones. American officers order the shooting to stop and line up the prisoners in the courtyard. A machine gunner nicknamed "Bird's Eye" says with a smile, "Can't you see? They're trying to escape!" He opens fire and kills 12 more Germans. Lt. Col. Felix Sparks pushes him away from the machine gun with the words, "What the hell are you doing?" The soldiers explain to their superiors that they are going to kill all the prisoners right now, and no one will tell them what to do. The higher officers leave the camp.
At 2:45 p.m., the U.S. military begins killing SS men throughout the camp. At least 346 prisoners are shot in the so-called "coal yard". Wounded SS soldiers, nurses and doctors are dragged out of the SS hospital by their hair and immediately put against the wall. The wounded who can not walk are killed: Lieutenant William Walsh personally shot four German soldiers who surrendered to him, Private Albert Pewitt shot the Germans lying in the ambulance wagon with a machine gun, saying: "As far as they are concerned, this is mercy."
The higher officers returned with reinforcements, but it was too late. In total (sources vary greatly), up to 550 people were killed (not counting the "capos", camp assistants, who were simply slaughtered) - members of the local SS guard, the wounded in the hospital, and the hospital staff itself. None of the Americans were later brought to justice or punished in any way - the case was simply put "on the brakes".
So that's what I'm getting at? I understand the Americans. I understand them perfectly. I don't feel fucking sorry for the SS soldiers, or the hospital doctors, or even the nurses. I don't give a fuck at all - they were lucky they died a quick death, they got off cheap. My point is that US cities escaped occupation, bombing, concentration camps. And yet, the people who saw THAT in the camp went mad with rage and couldn't contain themselves, dragging the prisoners to the wall.
Thank you, that's all I have to say.
https://colonelcassad.livejournal.com/9127366.html
#WWII #WW2 #war #history #USA #US #american #military #concentrationCamp #Dachau #war-crimes #SS
Lies about Pearl Harbor
In particular, shortly before the disaster at Pearl Harbor, such an episode took place. Here it is reconstructed according to the per- sonal testimony of its participant, military linguist John Hurt (John Hurt. “The Japanese Problem in the Signal Intelligence Service”. NSA William F. Friedman Collection, Document A58132. ), who translated those encrypted telegrams from the Japanese For- eign Ministry that were decoded by Friedman’s analysts.
In November 1941, 10 days before the attack, while Hurt and Friedman were visiting a mutual friend in a sanatorium, the cryp- tographer asked the interpreter how he assessed the current state of relations between the United States and Japan from decrypted dis- patches. Hurt replied that the negotiations between Tokyo and Washington seemed to be over. In turn, he asked Friedman what, in his opinion, such an escalation of relations meant. Friedman an- swered very briefly it meant war. Shocked by these words, Hurt emotionally asked the cryptographer, who was much closer to the high authorities, whether the United States was ready for such an escalation of hostility. “I hope so,” Friedman replied…
About what happened to Friedman on the day of the disaster, on Sunday, December 7 1941, his wife Elizebeth told this (Ronald Clark. The Man Who Broke Purple: The Life of Colonel William F. Friedman,
Who Deciphered the Japanese Code in World War II. Boston, MA: Little Brown, 1977):
Friedman himself, hearing the news of the Pearl Harbor attack on the radio, at first found it difficult to believe. For some while, his wife recalls, he could do no more than pace back and forth across the room, muttering to himself over and over again: “But they knew, they knew, they knew.”
But the most striking thing about this dramatic story is that a decade and a half later, William Friedman managed to change his views on what happened literally exactly the opposite. He wrote an analytical work where he very competently, authoritatively and ar- gued began to prove that in fact “they did NOT know.” Because this matter, you see, is far from straightforward..
#USA #us #american #japan #history #war #WWII #WW2 #lie #cryptography #Friedman
January 27, 1944
Today we honor the heroes who defended the city and fought for the freedom of the Fatherland. We congratulate veterans, residents of the Siege of Leningrad, distinguished colleagues and all Petersburgers on our memorable day.
Happy holiday and Victory to all!
#soviet #russian #history #WWII #WW2 #USSR
Michael [Кошак] Skolsky (R1BLH)
#[zrl=https://hub.cats-home.net/search?tag=fedi22]fedi22[/zrl]hub.cats-home.net
About Modern History
https://hub.hubzilla.de/page/kuchinster/history
#russian #Russia #WWII #WW2 #USSR #USA #NATO #fascism #capitalism #nuclear #nuclear-weapons #psyops #terrorism #nazi #ukraine #canada #france #britain #CIA #gulag #chernobyl #economy #famine #history
In Dresden, a memorial inscription about the bombing of the city by...
In Dresden, a memorial inscription about the bombing of the city by the American and British Air Forces in February 1945 was removed. (https://nitter.net/vicktop55/status/1747153598834688199) Then between 100 and 300 thousand city residents died.diaspora* social network
THE WARSAW PACT – PROPAGANDA AND REALITY (BY HELMHOLTZ SMITH) (http...
THE WARSAW PACT – PROPAGANDA AND REALITY (BY HELMHOLTZ SMITH) (https://sonar21.com/the-warsaw-pact-propaganda-and-reality-by-helmholtz-smith/) THE #WARSAW #PACT – #PROPAGANDA AND #REALITY ( BY #HELMHOLTZ #SMITH )diaspora* social network